UK 
Choosing between 4G and 4GV UN approved fibreboard boxes can be confusing. Both are used as outer packaging for dangerous goods, but there is an important difference in how they are tested and the inner packaging they can accommodate.
4G packaging is often chosen when the shipper can use the specific inner packaging configuration that has been tested and approved with the box. Shippers often choose 4GV when they need greater flexibility to use suitable non-specific inner packaging of their own choosing.
The correct choice will also depend on the mode of transport, dangerous goods being shipped, Packing Group, inner packaging type, package weight and the specific packing instruction.
4G vs 4GV: What’s the difference?
| 4G Fibreboard Box | 4GV Fibreboard Box | |
| Inner packaging:- | Specific tested configuration:- | Suitable for non-specific inners, greater flexibility |
| Weight:- | limited to gross packaging weight only:- | Inner packaging weight and its contents must be adhered to as well as the gross packaging weight |
| Testing:- | Tested with specified inner packaging:- | Tested to support use of suitable alternative inners |
| Packing Group:- | Depends on individual approval:- | Tested to Packing Group I (X) |
| Ideal for:- | Applications with a consistent inner:- | Applications requiring different inner packaging |
| Key consideration:- | Use with the approved with inners only:- | Usa appropriate inners of choice whilst following 4GV assembly instructions |
*Although the gross mass is indicated on the UN mark, for 4GV the “V” variants is ‘the total combined gross mass of inner packagings shall not exceed one-half the gross mass of inner packaging used for the drop test’. Simplified, it is actually only half the weight of the tested inners. So you’d really need to look at the test certificate or refer to the assembly sheet that comes with the 4GV packaging in question.
What is a 4G fibreboard box? 
A 4G fibreboard box is a UN-approved outer packaging that has been tested as part of a specific combination packaging configuration.
This means the box cannot simply be used with any inner packaging, it has a UN approval based on the configuration and inners tested.
This gives 4G an advantage over 4GV in terms of the permitted gross mass of the inner packaging when comparing equivalent-sized boxes.
For example, a 4G box may have been tested using a particular type and size of bottle. Substituting a different bottle may invalidate the UN certification given by the original approval.
When is 4G packaging a good choice?
4G may be suitable when:
- You regularly ship the same substance.
- You can use the approved type of inner packaging.
- Your weight limit is appropriate for the gross weight of the box.
- Your substance is compatible with the approved inners and Packing Instructions
What is a 4GV fibreboard box?
A 4GV fibreboard box is designed to provide greater flexibility in the choice of inner packaging.
The “V” in 4GV indicates that the packaging is intended for use with suitable non-specific inner packagings.
This makes 4GV packaging particularly useful when you may need to package different substances or use different suitable inner containers.
Air Sea Containers supplies a range of 4GV fibreboard boxes in different sizes and weight capacities, allowing customers to select packaging according to their particular application.
When is 4GV packaging a good choice?
4GV may be the better option when:
- You need to use different types of inner packaging.
- Your inner packaging requirements vary.
- You want greater flexibility than a specific 4G configuration provides.
- You need packaging tested to Packing Group I (X).
- You need a packaging solution suitable for different applications.
However, 4GV does not mean that any inner packaging can simply be placed inside the box. The inner packaging, dangerous goods, weight, cushioning and assembly method must still meet the applicable requirements.
Which should you choose: 4G or 4GV?
The simplest way to decide is to start with your inner packaging.
Do you use one specific inner packaging?
Yes → 4G may be suitable.
If you want to purchase a complete combination package and your substance is suitable for the approved inner packaging on the UN approval, a 4G box may provide the appropriate solution.
If your weight and box size is a priority, 4G may be advantageous as it has been tested and approved to allow the full weight capacity of the tested inners.
Do you need to use different inner packagings?
Yes → consider 4GV.
The key advantage of 4GV packaging is its greater flexibility with suitable non-specific inner packagings.
Are you unsure what packaging you need?
Don’t choose a box based solely on its dimensions or maximum gross weight.
The substance, Packing Group, inner packaging, inner packaging and contents weight (4GV) and transport requirements all need to be considered.
If you’re unsure, it is better to check the packing instructions and assembly instructions or speak to a dangerous goods packaging specialist before shipping.
Understanding the weight limits
Weight is another important difference to consider.
For a 4G package, the maximum gross mass shown in the UN specification mark relates to the complete package.
This includes the inner packaging, contents, cushioning and outer packaging.
With 4GV packaging, you also need to consider the permitted weight of the inner packaging and its contents, as specified by the UN certification.
For example, a 4GV box may have a maximum gross package weight that is considerably higher than the permitted weight of the inner containers and their contents.
Don’t assume that the maximum gross package weight is the same as the maximum permitted contents weight.
Always check the UN mark and assembly instructions for the specific box.
Why is 4GV tested to Packing Group I?
4GV packaging is tested to the highest performance level, Packing Group I (X).
The testing includes a 1.8 metre drop test using fragile glass inner packaging containing liquid.
This high-level testing is what enables 4GV packaging to provide greater flexibility in the choice of suitable inner packaging.
Where permitted by the applicable dangerous goods regulations, 4GV packaging can also be used for Packing Groups II and III.
The individual packaging approval and the requirements for the substance being shipped must always be checked.
4 common mistakes when choosing 4G or 4GV
- Assuming every UN box can be used with any inner
A 4G box is approved with a specific tested configuration and inner. 4GV provides greater flexibility, but it still has conditions of use.
- Choosing a box based only on its size
A box being physically large enough does not mean it is suitable for your dangerous goods and weights.
- Confusing gross weight with permitted contents weight
Particularly with 4GV packaging, these can be different values.
- Ignoring the assembly instructions
UN-approved packaging must be assembled and used according to its approval.
Cushioning, liners, taping methods and inner packaging can all be important.
Frequently asked questions
Is 4GV better than 4G?
No. 4GV is more flexible, while 4G may be perfectly suitable where you consistently use a specific approved inner packaging configuration.
Can I use my own inners in a 4GV box?
Potentially. 4GV packaging is designed for suitable non-specific inner packaging, but the inner packaging must still meet the requirements of the packing instructions in the applicable dangerous goods regulations.
Can I use any inner in a 4G box?
No. A 4G package is tested with specific inner packaging. The approved configuration must be followed unless an alternative has been appropriately verified.
Are 4GV boxes suitable for Packing Group I?
Yes. 4GV packaging is tested to Packing Group I (X). It may also be used for Packing Groups II and III where the packing instruction permits.
Are 4GV boxes suitable for liquids?
4GV packaging is tested using liquid-filled glass inner packaging and can be used for liquids where the packing instructions and applicable regulations permit it.
Need help choosing the right UN packaging?
Choosing between 4G and 4GV isn’t simply about finding a box that is the right size.
The dangerous goods, inner packaging, Packing Group, weight and packing instructions all need to be considered.
Air Sea Containers supplies a range of UN approved 4G and 4GV fibreboard boxes in different sizes and configurations.
Not sure which packaging is right for your application?
Our dangerous goods packaging team can help you identify suitable packaging options.
